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Bile acids

 

Role of Bile acids

  • Bile acids play a key role in the absorption of lipids in the small intestine. 
  • Contribute to cholesterol metabolism by promoting the excretion of cholesterol. 
  • Denature dietary proteins, thereby accelerating their breakdown by pancreatic proteases. 
  • Direct and indirect antimicrobial effects. In this capacity, recent evidence suggests bile acids are mediators of high-fat diet-induced changes in the gut microbiota. 
  • Act as signaling molecules outside of the gastrointestinal tract.

The primary bile acids—cholic acid and cheno-deoxycholic acid—are synthesized from cholesterol in the liver.

The maximal rate of bile acid synthesis is on the order of 4 to 6 g/day.



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